Which endocrine disorder is correctly matched with the malfunctioning gland?
A) dwarfism — the adrenal cortex
B) gigantism — the anterior pituitary gland
C) goiter — the adrenal medulla
D) diabetes mellitus — the parathyroid glands
B
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Tamoxifen is a drug that is used to treat breast cancer. It inhibits the activities of the estrogen receptor in breast epithelial cells, which are the cells that are relevant to breast cancer. One of the concerns that scientists had during the development of Tamoxifen as a therapy for breast cancer was that other cell types require estrogen signaling for their function. For example, it is known
that cells in bone tissue require estrogen signaling. As a result, there was a concern that use of Tamoxifen would lead to bone loss in patients. In reality, however, researchers were surprised to find that Tamoxifen actually led to an increase in bone density in breast cancer patients. At the same time, Tamoxifen did inhibit the activity of the estrogen receptor in breast epithelial cells in these patients. What is the best explanation for this finding? A. Tamoxifen binds different parts of the estrogen receptor in different tissues. B. The estrogen receptor is bound to different coactivators in different tissues. C. Tamoxifen can only enter certain cell types. D. Bone cells make use of a different type of estrogen receptor that does not bind to Tamoxifen.
The preferred method for long term storage of bacteria is (freezing/refrigeration/lyophilization)
What will be an ideal response?
A large number of people in a community experience diarrhea with fever. Public health authorities investigate and find that the people are passing dark urine, and some have yellowish skin. Furthermore, all of the affected individuals recently ate at a
new restaurant in town known for its wide variety of fresh imported vegetables. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent? A) Escherichia coli O157:H7 B) Salmonella enterica C) hepatitis A virus D) hepatitis E virus E) norovirus
Elephantiasis is caused by
A. blood flukes. B. liver flukes. C. filarial roundworms. D. tapeworms. E. flatworms.