A stimulus presented to a person or animal that decreases the probability of a particular response is known as __________
a) positive punishment
b) negative punishment
c) negative reinforcement
d) negative expectation
ANS: A
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Twelve-month-old Luke smiles at his mother as he plays. His mother smiles in return, and picks up Luke for a hug. Luke responds with a kiss and smile, which brings another smile to his mother's face. This give-and-take between child and caregiver is an example of __________.
A. social referencing B. infant directedness C. reciprocal socialization D. ambivalent attachment
A medical doctor believes that the presence of aromatherapy candles will reduce the anxiety of first-time mothers-to-be during labor and will increase their reported satisfaction with their care at his hospital
He randomly assigns mothers to give birth in a room either with or without aromatherapy candles. What is the independent variable in this example? A) anxiety level during labor B) number of previous birthing experiences C) room environment D) satisfaction with hospital care
Hue, brightness, and saturation are all physical properties of the visual stimulus, light
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
The hormone melatonin is produced by the ________ gland
a. pituitary b. pineal c. adrenal d. thyroid