The nurse understands that a patient's pregnancy is progressing normally when what physiologic changes are documented on the prenatal record of a woman at 36 weeks' gestation? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no
incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. 1. The joints of the pelvis have relaxed, causing a waddling gait.
2. The cervix is firm and blue–purple in color.
3. The uterus vasculature contains one sixth of the total maternal blood volume.
4. Gastric emptying time is prolonged, and the patient complains of constipation and bloating.
5. Supine hypotension, creating dizziness, occurs when the patient lies on her back.
1,3,4,5
Rationale 1: The pregnancy hormone relaxin creates softening of the ligaments, which in turn can lead to a waddling gait.
Rationale 2: Cervical changes during pregnancy include softening and blue–purple discoloration.
Rationale 3: The growing fetus causes an enlargement of the uterus; by the end of pregnancy, one sixth of the total maternal blood volume is contained within the vascular system of the uterus.
Rationale 4: Constipation and bloating are seen as the increased progesterone level causes smooth muscle relaxation, resulting in delayed gastric emptying and slowed peristalsis.
Rationale 5: Supine hypotension occurs when the fetus compresses the vena cava against the vertebrae when the mother is supine, thus reducing blood flow to the right atrium, lowering blood pressure, and causing dizziness, pallor, and clamminess.
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