In the card-sorting task in which children first sort on the basis of shape and then have to shift to sorting on the basis of color (or vice versa), there is a transition in ability to switch rules between ages 3 and 4 years. Using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), researchers found that these behavioral improvements were associated with a rise in brain activity in the __________.
A. sensorimotor cortex
B. visual cortex
C. motor cortex
D. frontal lobes
Answer: D
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Which of the following changes does not require a transformation rule?
a. rewriting a sentence as noun phrase and a verb phrase b. rewriting an active sentence as a passive sentence c. rewriting a positive statement as a negative statement d. rewriting an assertion as a question
Description is to assessment as _________ is to prognosis
a) prediction b) explanation c) indication d) influence
Which of the following research findings was not influential in Bowlby's development of his theory of attachment?
a. Harlow (1958) found that infant monkeys preferred to spend time with a cloth "monkey mother" compared to a wire "monkey mother." b. Vygotsky (1972) found that children learn through social interaction with their parents. c. Spitz (1945) found that babies raised in institutions with proper physical care did not form attachments with nurses. d. Lorenz (1965) showed that newborn goslings bond to the first thing they see.
In what culture does the marriage gradient make finding a spouse difficult when the person is well educated?
a) Asian American men b) African American women c) Mexican American men d) Canadian women