Rather than being 100%, concordance rates for schizophrenia in monozygotic twins are only 50%. Which of the following statements best explains this phenomenon?
A) Genetic predisposition to disease is frequently overstated.
B) One twin is inherently more vulnerable in every case.
C) Environmental experiences affect gene expression.
D) The genetic pathway responsible for vulnerability is unrelated to being a twin.
Ans: C
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While human genes play an enormous role in certain pathologies, the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, like all disorders, depends on a complex interaction of genetic factors and environmental factors. These genetic and environmental factors also affect the brain's development and subsequent function. Identical genetic material does not necessarily guarantee the development of a disease. Inherent vulnerability does not adequately explain this phenomenon.
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