The nurse is teaching a group of students about pre-diabetes and diabetes. Which of the following is correct about the pathophysiology of pre-diabetes as compared to diabetes?
1. The patient with pre-diabetes has a fasting glucose level between 101 and 125 on at least two occasions.
2. The patient with diabetes presents with a random glucose level of 75 mg/dl at any time of day.
3. The patient with pre-diabetes will complain of polydypsia, polyuria, and polyphagia.
4. The patient with pre-diabetes experiences weight loss and dehydration.
The patient with prediabetes has a fasting glucose level between 101 and 125 on at least two occasions.
Rationale: Diagnostic criteria for pre-diabetes includes fasting glucose level between 101 and 125 on at least two occasions. A blood glucose level of 75 mg/dL is normal and therefore not associated with diabetes. The symptoms of polydypsia, polyuria, and polyphasia are present in diabetics with hyperglycemia, not pre-diabetics. Weight loss and dehydration are associated with hyperglycemia and/or DKA, and therefore are not part of the pre-diabetes syndrome.
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