What is the standard of proof to be used by the lay jurors and professional magistrates in a French trial?

a. Are you inwardly (or thoroughly) convinced that the accused is guilty?
b. Are you convinced beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused is guilty?
c. Do you find that the majority of evidence shows the accused is guilty?
d. Will you swear to you conviction that the accused is guilty?


a. Are you inwardly (or thoroughly) convinced that the accused is guilty?

Criminal Justice

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Define and comment on the biosocial theory of criminology. Include the chromosome theory and the gender ratio problem

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

Questioning persons who are intoxicated requires special caution

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is true based on decades of research?

a. offenders and victims often possess the same characteristics b. offenders and victims often engage in many of the same behaviors c. offenders and victims often possess the same characteristics and engage in many of the same behaviors d. offenders and victims rarely possess the same characteristics

Criminal Justice

The failure of witnesses to report certain kinds of offenses such as child or elder abuse is a ________ in some jurisdictions

a. civil violation b. felony c. misdemeanor d. administrative violation

Criminal Justice