A patient has a split S1 heart sound. How should the nurse explain this finding to the patient?
1. "Your mitral and tricuspid valves are not closing at exactly the same time.".
2. "You probably have some calcification in the pulmonary valve that slows its closure.".
3. "Your aortic valve is closing more slowly than it should.".
4. "Your atrioventricular valves are not closing at exactly the same time.".
1
Rationale 1: The S1 heart sound is caused by closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves. If they do not close at exactly the same time a "splitting" of the sound occurs.
Rationale 2: The pulmonary valve is not associated with the S1 heart sound.
Rationale 3: The aortic valve is not associated with the S1 heart sound.
Rationale 4: The atrioventricular valves are not associated with the S1 heart sound.
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