A downward communication occurs when:

a. the communication travels from subordinate to the supervisor.
b. an order is published by top level management.
c. a police officer discusses a case with a detective.
d. a police sergeant discusses the situation with an associate.


b

Criminal Justice

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__________discrimination occurs only in certain situations

a. Contextual c. Institutionalized b. Systemic d. Entrenched

Criminal Justice

Based upon Alan's education level, which of the following would not be an area where we he would be more successful than a lesser less-educated law enforcement officer?

a. Report writing b. Less improper use of force c. Higher arrest rates d. Less citizen complaints

Criminal Justice

According to the social reality of crime theory, definitions of crime are

a. based on a long standing legal tradition going back to the 18th century. b. based on public opinion surveys and victimization surveys. c. composed of behaviors everyone would agree are harmful to society. d. composed of behaviors that conflict with interests of the dominant class.

Criminal Justice

The Minnesota v. White decision states that judges may not make political speeches since they are supposed to remain completely neutral

a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice