Compare and contrast Piaget's and Vygotsky's view of cognitive development during the preschool years
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
- Piaget's theory is a comprehensive stage approach model that claims universality
- Piaget viewed cognitive development as a result of child's acting on the environment
- Piaget viewed children's individual performance—the little scientists—working by themselves to develop an independent understanding of the world
- Piaget's theory is based on observations that provide a detailed portrait
- More recent research suggests that Piaget systematically underestimated children's abilities
- It has been suggested that Piaget's focus on deficiencies has biased his findings
- Vygotsky viewed cognitive development as a result of social interactions
- Vygotsky viewed the social and cultural world as a source of cognitive development
- Social expectations and cultural values influence cognitive development
- Vygotsky viewed children as apprentices, in that they use others to gain an understanding of the world
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When memories are available but are not accessible, which type of forgetting is most likely involved?
a. encoding failure b. suppression c. proactive interference d. cue-dependent forgetting
You have read the research on the importance of exercise, and you want to begin an exercise program, but you haven't so far, which creates a great deal of cognitive dissonance for you. Describe the concept of cognitive dissonance, and explain how your cognitive dissonance regarding exercising might be reduced using each of five strategies
What will be an ideal response?
The extra capacity of the heart or kidneys to respond to higher than normal or stressful physiological demands is called ______
Fill in the blank with correct word