Calculate the minimum number of nucleotide triphosphate molecules that are hydrolyzed in the synthesis of a 200-amino-acid bacterial protein and list the stages of translation responsible for the hydrolysis
What will be an ideal response?
At least 601 nucleotide triphosphate molecules are hydrolyzed in the synthesis of a 200-amino-acid protein.
• For each amino acid, 1 ATP is hydrolyzed during activation for tRNA charging (200 ATPs).
• 1 GTP is hydrolyzed per initiation event by IF-2.
• 1 GTP is hydrolyzed during EF-Tu mediated binding of tRNAs to the A site, and 1 GTP is hydrolyzed by EF-G during translocation (2 GTPs per elongation cycle, 2 ? 199 = 398).
• 1 GTP is hydrolyzed per termination event by RF-3.
• 1GTP is hydrolyzed per termination event by EF-G.
Note that an additional ATP is consumed each time an incorrectly activated amino acid is hydrolyzed by the deacylation activity of an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, as part of its proofreading activity. Therefore, 601 nucleotide triphosphates hydrolyzed is the minimum number.
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