Recent research into the neurophysiology of schizophrenia has explored the role of neurotransmitters (NTs) other than dopamine. Findings include:
a. expression of the signaling neuropeptide cholecystokinin is increased in schizophrenia
b. decreased number of inhibitory neurons for which gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the predominant NT
c. decreased brain activity in the hippocampus
d. effects of the excitatory NT glutamine
B
Recent research shows that in schizophrenia there is a decrease in the number of inhibitory neurons, particularly those in which GABA is the predominant neurotransmitter. Expression of the signaling neuropeptides cholecystokinin and somatostatin is also decreased in schizophrenia. Loss of inhibitory function may account for the increased brain activity seen in some specific brain sites, notably the hippocampus and parts of the prefrontal cortex.
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