Vygotsky's theory emphasizes how ________ guides cognitive development.
A. genetic makeup
B. the unconscious mind
C. culture and social interaction
D. biology
Answer: C
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Myra Bluebond-Langner (1977) described five stages that terminally ill children pass through. Her model is based on the results of ______ research.
A. archival B. experimental C. case study D. naturalistic observation
For a fixed level of significance, how is the critical value for chi-square related to degrees of freedom?
a. The critical value increases as df increases. b. The critical value decreases as df increases. c. The critical value increases as sample size increases. d. The critical value decreases as sample size increases.
Which of the following has been mentioned as a criticism of Kohlberg's research on moral development?
A. The levels seem to occur only in America. B. Controlled research studies do not support the theory. C. Most studies do not support Kohlberg's claim that the stages are organized in a hierarchy. D. His work does not take into account possible sex differences.
If, in the example of a headache study used in the text, all subjects had been studied over the same period of time, differences that might be caused by stressful times (such as Christmas) would
a. contaminate the results. b. add to the usefulness of the results. c. improve the generalizability of the study. d. reduce the variability in the scores.