Briefly discuss the use of virtual reality in surgical planning and training
What will be an ideal response?
Computer-assisted surgical planning involves the use of virtual environment technology to provide surgeons with accurate, realistic models on which to teach surgery and plan and practice operations. With virtual reality (VR) technology, the computer can create an environment that seems real but is not. Currently, these lifelike simulations are used in the health care field. The models created by VR technology can look, sound, and feel real. The models can respond to pressure by changing shape and to being cut by leaking. A model such as this, which is interactive, allows surgeons not only to plan surgeries more precisely but also to practice operations without touching a patient. Some models include a predictive element that shows the results of the doctor's actions. For example, plastic surgeons can practice on a model of a face and see the results of their work.
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Your patient is a 15-year-old asthmatic who has been having difficulty breathing for 45 minutes, but does not have his Xopenex inhaler with him. Capnography shows an ETCO2 of 45 mmHg. What is the best way to interpret this finding?
A) This is a normal ETCO2, indicating that this is a mild asthma attack. B) The patient's ETCO2 first dropped as he began to hyperventilate but now is rising again and may continue to rise to dangerous levels. C) This is a high ETCO2, and the patient requires immediate ventilatory assistance to prevent respiratory arrest. D) This is a low ETCO2, indicating that the patient is hyperventilating, and thus in the early stages of an asthma attack.
Another term for adrenergic receptor antagonists is _____
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
The LEAST common cause of death in spinal cord injury patients who are discharged from the hospital is:
A) pneumonia. B) septicemia. C) muscular atrophy. D) pulmonary embolism
A lateral scapular projection with accurate positioning obtained with the humerus abducted to a 90-degree angle with the body demonstrates
1. superimposition of the lateral and vertebral scapular borders. 2. the scapula in a Y formation. 3. the superior scapular angle inferior to the coracoid. 4. the midscapular body in the center of the collimated field. a. 1 and 4 only b. 2 and 4 only c. 1, 2, and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 4 only