Of the factors that research has identified as effective in predicting recidivism, which of the following is a dynamic factor?

a. age at first arrest
b. alcohol/substance abuse history
c. gender
d. criminal thinking patterns


d

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Which of the following is not a reason why more people are going to prison and staying there longer?

a. Truth-in-sentencing laws b. Three-strikes legislation c. Tougher war on drug policies d. Plea bargaining

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Which of the following men is considered the father of parole?

a. Jeremy Bentham b. Alexander Maconochie c. William Penn d. Sanborn

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Collection rates of the various types of economic sanctions used throughout the United States remain fairly low at present

a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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Entrepreneurs can generate economic profits by all of the following, except:

A. Developing popular new products B. Reducing production costs below rivals' costs C. Creating and maintaining monopoly power D. Laying off workers in order to cut costs

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