List and discuss four new biological defenses. Provide an example for each.

What will be an ideal response?


The four biological defenses are (1) XYY chromosome, which is based on research that indicates a large percentage of the male prison population possess an extra Y chromosome that results in enhanced “maleness”; (2) PMS – invoked by defendants who contend that they suffer from severe pain and distress that drove them to act in a violent fashion; (3) postpartum psychosis – caused by a drop in the hormonal level following the birth of a child that can result in depression, suicide, delusions, hallucinations, and violence; and (4) environmental defense – claims environmental factors as the cause of an individual committing a crime.

Criminal Justice

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