Once the goal, reinforcers, and targeted behavior have been identified, how does a behavioral counselor select a plan of action?
a. The counselor has prewritten instructions for plans of action for different problems. She or he gives the client the appropriate plan and explains the process.
b. The counselor asks the client to describe his or her plan of action. Then the counselor challenges the client’s assumptions until a reasonable plan has been created.
c. The client takes the lead and the counselor becomes an encouraging observer.
d. The counselor and client decide on a plan of action together.
e. The counselor selects the plan of action that has been proved most effective for that targeted behavior in laboratory tests.
Answer: d
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In contrast to most Western psychotherapies, contemplative psychotherapies focus more on:
a. biological issues and less on spiritual issues. b. behavioral changes and less on existential issues. c. developing exceptional capacities such as heightened calmness. d. cognitive issues and less on pathology.
What is the most common integrationist therapy?
a. Combining Gestalt with behavioral interventions. b. Combining psychosocial treatment with medications such as Ritalin, Prozac, or lithium. c. Combining behavioral homework with person centered therapy. d. Combining nutritional consultation with counseling. e. Selling vitamins in the counselor’s office.
Generally speaking, as the number of risk factors ____, the likelihood of drug use ____.
A. increases; decreases B. decreases; increases C. increases; increases D. There is no relationship.
Which of the following best explains the prevalence pattern of ASD among different SES groups?
a. Lower SES groups likely have higher levels of ASD than do higher SES groups because lower SES groups have more exposure to teratogens and less exposure to high-quality nutrition. b. Lower SES groups likely have higher levels of ASD than do higher SES groups because lower SES groups tend to have greater rates of intellectual disability overall, which is highly correlated with ASD. c. Higher SES groups likely have higher levels of ASD than do lower SES groups because their greater access to healthcare may bring signs and symptoms of ASD to the attention of a health care provider more commonly and early on in life. d. Higher SES groups likely have higher levels of ASD because they are more likely to have their children in private school, which has a more liberal definition of ASD than other schools do.