A novel study with 4- to 6-year-olds that used fMRI to measure brain activity levels when children listen to stories found that __________.
A. parents who conversed with their children more in an experimental session tended to have children with higher overall brain activity
B. parents who conversed with their children more during an experimental session tended to have children with higher activation in a region of the brain that includes Broca's area
C. low-income children had lower brain activity than high-income children when they listen to stories
D. brain activity was unrelated to the amount of conversation parents and children had in the experimental session
Answer: B
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When individuals devise actions to reduce the gap between their current point in a problem and the final goal, they are using the problem-solving heuristic known as:
a. working backward b. means-ends analysis c. searching for analogies d. availability
Which of the following is not an ethical requirement in scientific experimentation?
a. Participants must be told about all aspects of the procedure in an experiment. b. Participants must be informed of any potential harm that might arise as a result of their participation in an experiment. c. People's participation in an experiment is voluntary and they are free to withdraw at any time. d. Scientists must protect the personal identity of research participants.
According to Vygotsky, __________ assessment involves cooperative interaction between the individual who is being assessed and the person who is doing the assessment
In short, intelligence is seen as being reflected not only in how children can perform on their own, but in terms of how well they perform when helped by adults. a. independent c. mediated b. dynamic d. situated
The ability to deal effectively with social conflict is not likely to be reflected in one's performance on the WAIS. This best illustrates that intelligence is
a. impossible to measure with any reliability. b. unrelated to the speed of cognitive processing. c. a collection of distinctly different abilities. d. a joint function of nature and nurture. e. affected by stereotype threat.