The client has an order for IV fluids. Normal saline, an isotonic solution, is ordered. What is the best description the nurse can provide to a student nurse about isotonic solutions?
A) Contains the same osmotic pressure
B) Stronger than opposing sides of a membrane
C) Contains the same hydrostatic pressure
D) Weaker than opposing sides of a membrane
A
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An isotonic solution contains the same osmotic pressure. A hypertonic solution is stronger than opposite sides of a membrane. A hypotonic solution is weaker than opposite sides of a membrane.
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A nurse begins work at an agency that provides care to members of a minority ethnic population. The nurse will be better able to demonstrate cultural competence after
a. identifying culture-bound issues. b. implementing scientifically proven interventions. c. correcting inferior health practices of the population. d. exploring commonly held beliefs and values of the population.
When the nurse talks with parents of a newborn who was born with a cleft palate, the nurse keeps in mind that surgery for clefts of the hard or soft palate are surgically closed at approximately what age?
a. 3 months c. 1 year b. 6 months d. 1-1/2 years
In a sad voice, a patient tells the nurse of the recent deaths of a spouse of 50 years and their adult child in an automobile accident. The patient has no other family and only a few friends in the community. What is the priority nursing diagnosis?
a. Spiritual distress, related to being angry with God for taking the family b. Risk for suicide, related to recent deaths of significant others c. Anxiety, related to sudden and abrupt lifestyle changes d. Social isolation, related to loss of existing family
What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral hemorrhage, and coma in hypernatremia?
a. High sodium in the blood vessels pulls water out of the brain cells into the blood vessels, causing brain cells to shrink. b. High sodium in the brain cells pulls water out of the blood vessels into the brain cells, causing them to swell. c. High sodium in the blood vessels pulls potassium out of the brain cells, which slows the synapses in the brain. d. High sodium in the blood vessels draws chloride into the brain cells followed by water, causing the brain cells to swell