What restricted England and France in engaging in overseas exploration during the late 1300s and 1400s?
A) widespread destruction and death caused by war and plague
B) the lack of interest by English and French monarchs in overseas exploration and empire-building
C) the political divisions within the English and French kingdoms
D) the absence of an adequate navy and commercial ships to explore Africa and India
Answer: A
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What was the great achievement of Jan Sobieski?
A) the defeat of Russia B) the defeat of the Turks at the 2nd siege of Vienna C) the humbling of the Sejm D) election as the first Polish Holy Roman Empire E) unifying Lithuania and Poland
By the mid-seventeenth century, Spain had lost its pre-eminence in Europe for all of the following reasons except
A) declining shipments of silver from America. B) the loss of the United Provinces and the failed attempt to permanently annex Portugal. C) the patent incompetence of its leaders. D) growing upheaval in its Italian possessions. E) New World industries began to compete with Spain for markets.
Early nineteenth-century master craftsmen usually drew a sharp distinction between
A) work and leisure. B) journeyman and apprentice. C) producer and seller. D) home and work.
The system of rule in Florence was called the ______________.
A. Signoria B. Council of Doges C. Cartel D. Consigliari E. Strataria