The parents of a child with acid-base imbalance ask the nurse about mechanisms that regulate acid-base balance. Which statement by the nurse accurately explains the mechanisms regulating acid-base balance in children?
a. The respiratory, renal, and chemical-buffering systems regulate acid-base in the body.
b. The kidneys balance acid; the lungs balance base.
c. The cardiovascular and integumentary sys-tems work together to control acid-base.
d. The skin, kidney, and endocrine systems control the body's acid-base.
A
The acid-base system is regulated by chemical buffering, respiratory control of carbon dioxide, and renal regulation of bicarbonate and secretion of hydrogen ions. Both the kidneys and the lungs, along with the buffering system, contribute to acid-base balance. Neither system regulates acid or base balances exclusively. The cardiovascular and integumentary systems are not part of acid-base regulation in the body. Chemical buffers, the lungs, and the kidneys work together to keep the blood pH within a normal range.
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