The patient is an 80-year-old male who is visiting the clinic today for his routine physical exami-nation. The patient's skin turgor is fair, but he has been complaining of fatigue and weakness
The skin is warm and dry, pulse rate is 126 beats per minute, and urinary sodium level is slightly elevated. After assessment, the nurse should recommend that the patient
a. Decrease his intake of milk and dairy products to decrease the risk of osteopo-rosis.
b. Drink more grapefruit juice to enhance vitamin C intake and medication absorp-tion.
c. Drink more water to prevent further de-hydration.
d. Eat more meat because meat is the only source of usable protein.
ANS: C
Thirst sensation diminishes, leading to inadequate fluid intake or dehydration. Symptoms of de-hydration in older adults include confusion, weakness, hot dry skin, furrowed tongue, and high urinary sodium. Milk continues to be an important food for older woman and men, who need adequate calcium to protect against osteoporosis. After age 70, osteoporosis equally affects men and women. Caution older adults to avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice because these will de-crease absorption of many drugs. Some older adults avoid meats because of cost, or because they are difficult to chew. Cream soups and meat-based vegetable soups are nutrient-dense sources of protein.
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