What is Criminal Investigation Research ? and how it is done?
What will be an ideal response?
The RAND Corporation and the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) undertook a nationwide study of criminal investigations to determine how police investigations were organized, managed, as well as to assess the effectiveness of overall police functioning. The focus was in Index Crimes such as murder, robbery, and rape. Less serious crimes were not studied. The FBI’s UCR and the National Crime Victimization Survey looked for effectiveness of arrest and to analyze case samples to determine how cases were solved.
RAND recommendations were as follows:
1. Post arrest activities should be coordinated closer to the prosecutor’s office by signing investigators to the office.
2. Patrol officers should have greater investigative responsibility at crime scenes and trained to perform such duties.
3. Forensics should be increased in processing a scene more effectively
4. Anything other than a routine clerical case all others should be handled through a specialized investigation section of the department.
PERF study suggested:
The Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) studied the roles of detectives and patrol officers in burglaries and robberies in three areas of the country: DeKalb County GA, St. Petersburg, FL, and Wichita, KS. PERF Concluded detectives and patrol contribute equally to resolution of burglary and robbery cases, most cases four hours (over several days) closes approximately 75% of those cases. Of the remaining 25% detectives played a major role in follow up to identify ands arrest suspects.
1. There was not as much waste or mismanagement in investigations as earlier thought.
2. Greater emphasis should be placed on collection o f physical evidence.
3. Police departments should have policies regulating the use of evidence technicians in cases of burglary and robbery where there has been no physical injury.
4. Officers should use neighborhood canvases to locate witnesses
5. Patrol officers should use extensively department records and informants to identify suspects.
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