When the results in one group are not influenced by the results in the other group, the samples are considered to be
a. random.
b. independent.
c. dependent.
d. separate.
b
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Sarah is being taught to read using a method that requires her to associate written letters and letter combinations with the sounds they indicate. Which teaching method of reading does this represent?
a. Word recognition method b. Phonetic method c. Both the phonetic and the word recognition methods d. Neither the phonetic nor the word recognition method
What major shift in emphasis has taken place in developmental psychology across the last 20 years?
a. The field has become less experimental and more anecdotal. b. The study of adolescence has pretty much supplanted the study of childhood. c. The focus has broadened to include the entire life span. d. Cognitive theory has been largely replaced by behaviorism.
An elementary school teacher wants to know how receptive his students are to new ideas. He decides to present new ideas his students (randomly determined) during arithmetic class or during social studies class. Furthermore, he decides to present these new ideas either just before or just after recess. Which of the following results represents an interaction between his independent variables?
a. The students always like the new ideas, but only in social studies, regardless of when recess occurs. b. The students never like the new ideas in either class, regardless of when recess occurs. c. The students only like the new ideas after recess. They don't like the new ideas before recess, and the type of class makes no difference. d. The students like the new ideas in social studies after recess but they like the new ideas in arithmetic before recess.
The findings of the Seattle Longitudinal Study confirm that midlife is a time when
A) verbal, numeric, and spatial abilities decline. B) some of the most complex mental abilities are at their peak. C) inductive reasoning plummets, whereas perceptual speed increases gradually. D) spatial orientation and verbal memory decrease steadily.