Botulinum toxin- A toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.Known for sometimes lethal poisoning from infected meat products. In modern controlled medical or cosmetic use, the very same toxin is known as Botox.Tetanus toxin- Another very potent neurotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani.Strichnine- A highly poisonous alkaloid produced by the Strychnos nux-vomica tree,historically used to kill rats and other pests.You accidentally consume botulinum toxin by eating a contaminated can of sausages. What do you predict will be the most harmful physiological effect?
A. Pupil dilation
B. Respiratory failure due to flaccid paralysis (relaxed muscles)
C. Slowed action potential conduction
D. Respiratory failure due to spastic paralysis (constant muscle contraction)
Answer: B
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In the cell, energy released by electrons is often used to phosphorylate ________.
A. ATP B. NAD C. oxygen D. ADP E. pyruvic acid
One type of illegal doping in sports is the abuse of anabolic steroids such as testosterone. Doctors measure the testosterone (T) to LH ratio in athletes' urine to detect such doping. Why is this an effective indicator?
A. Testosterone upregulates LH, so the doping athlete will have an unusually low T/LH ratio. B. LH has negative feedback onto testosterone, so the doping athlete will have an unusually high T/LH ratio. C. LH downregulates testosterone, so the doping athlete will have an unusually low T/LH ratio. D. Testosterone has negative feedback onto LH production, so the doping athlete will have an unusually high T/LH ratio.
The production and usage of a gene's product is called gene ____ .
Fill in the blank (s) with the appropriate word(s).
Chlorine compounds remain stable and effective in the presence of excess organic matter.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)