The ability of an antibiotic to target pathogens without major effects on human cells is termed:
1. selective toxicity.
2. selective synthesis.
3. bacteriostatic action.
4. opportunistic action.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Antibiotic selective toxicity allows pathogens to be killed or their growth severely hampered without major effects on human cells.
Rationale 2: Selective synthesis is not an action of antibiotics.
Rationale 3: Bacteriostatic action is the ability of the antibiotic to halt bacterial growth.
Rationale 4: Opportunistic action is the ability of a pathogen to invade a host that is immunocompromised.
Global Rationale: Antibiotics exert selective toxicity by targeting these unique differences between human and bacterial, fungal, and protozoan cells. Through this selective action, these pathogens can be killed, or their growth severely hampered, without any major effects on human cells.
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