During the acute phase following a myocardial infarction (MI), the nurse anticipates that the patient may require a temporary pacemaker in which situation(s)? (Select all that apply.)
a. The patient's heart rate remains above 120 beats/min.
b. The patient experiences worsening anginal pain.
c. The patient experiences complete heart block.
d. The patient's systolic BP drops to 60.
e. The patient's pulse rate remains below 40 beats/min.
C, E
A temporary pacemaker is warranted when the patient's pulse consistently remains below 40 beats/min and when the patient experiences complete heart block. Complete heart block means that the electrical impulse for contraction does not go through the atrioventricular node to the ventricles and the ventricles are not signaled to contract. Tachycardia, above 100, continued an-gina pain, and hypotension are not correct indications for a pacemaker.
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