During most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, appointments to the civil service were based primarily on

A) merit.
B) education.
C) patronage.
D) wealth.
E) experience in government.


C

Political Science

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Why is the likelihood low that a democratic intervening state will install liberal democracy after a war is over and a leader removed?

a. The people in a target state will work hard to install democracy themselves after a dictator is removed. b. Citizens in target states are likely to have policy preferences that differ from an occupying government. c. Occupation of another state after war is not a democratic principle that can be used to spread democracy. d. Any war of liberation always assumes the citizens of the target state will great the democratic intervener as a liberator.

Political Science

Liberals are more likely to favor generous government support for

a. education. b. wildlife protection. c. public transportation. d. a whole range of social programs. e. All of these

Political Science

Evidence from the Vietnam War suggests that bureaucrats misled presidents

Indicate whether this statement is true or false.

Political Science

Why might incumbents want to deemphasize their policy positions during a reelection campaign?

a. Voters do not like feeling patronized by discussing policies they are already fully aware of. b. Stressing policy positions can make enemies as well as friends. c. Stressing policy positions makes voters more uncertain about where the candidate stands on important issues. d. Having clear policy positions makes it harder to attract campaign contributions from interest groups.

Political Science