The movement of a solute from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached is called:
a. active transport c. filtration
b. diffusion d. osmosis
B
Diffusion, the movement of substances (e.g., molecules of gases, liquids, or solids) from an area of higher molecular concentration to one of lower molecular concentration, occurs because of the kinetic energy in molecules; molecules are constantly moving and colliding with each other, forcing them to move farther apart. An example of diffusion is the movement of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream because the oxygen concentration in the blood is lower than that in the lungs.
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A nurse was required to work an additional weekend. The nurse feels he has been treated unfairly. According to the contract, the first action of a grievance is to:
1. Send a written request to the supervisor. 2. Meet formally with the nursing director. 3. Meet informally with the supervisor. 4. Meet formally with the bargaining agent.
A client with contact dermatitis tells the nurse about scratching the skin raw at night from the itching. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
A) "You should wear cotton gloves during sleep." B) "You should restrict fluids during the day." C) "You should bathe every day." D) "You should apply a lotion containing alcohol to the affected area."
An older adult client slipped on an area rug at home and fractured the left hip. The client is unable to have surgery immediately and is having severe pain
What interventions should the nurse provide for the patient to minimize energy loss in response to pain? A) Administer prescribed analgesics around-the-clock. B) Avoid administering too much medication because the client is older. C) Administer prescribed pain medication only when the client requests it. D) Give pain medication to the client after providing care.
Which statement made by the client who is prescribed "voice rest" therapy for vocal cord polyps indicates the need for more teaching?
A. "I will stay out of rooms and places where people are smoking." B. "When I speak at all, I will whisper rather than use a normal tone of voice." C. "For the next several weeks, I will not lift anything weighing more than 10 pounds." D. "I will drink at least 3 quarts of water each day and use stool softeners to prevent constipation."