A client is diagnosed with a disorder that has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. A review of the client's family history and pedigree does not reveal any ancestors with the disorder. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
1. Errors have been made in the documentation of the client's history.
2. Some ancestors experienced effects that were so minor they were not recognized.
3. A de novo mutation has occurred.
4. The client's genetic testing should be repeated.
3
Rationale 1: The client's history could be accurate.
Rationale 2: This could be correct, but it is not the likeliest reason for the finding.
Rationale 3: A de novo mutation is a new, spontaneous mutation that then appears in succeeding generations.
Rationale 4: The scenario is consistent with basic Mendelian inheritance patterns. There is no reason to repeat testing.
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1. Providing positive feedback 2. Discussing techniques for obtaining the blood sample 3. Encouraging the client to practice manipulating equipment 4. Encouraging the client to read the directions that come with equipment
The nurse is interviewing a client who states the presence of urinary incontinence with coughing and sneezing. Which term will the nurse use when documenting this finding in the medical record?
1. Functional. 2. Reflex. 3. Stress. 4. Urge.
A client has been identified as having an excess of macrophage inhibitory factor, causing the client to have inhibited movement and activity of macrophages
Which of the following processes listed below would the health care team member expect to remain unaffected? A) Amplification of the immune response B) Destruction of virus-infected or tumor cells C) Initiation of adaptive immunity D) Specificity and memory of the immune response
Someone asks a nurse about a new drug that is in preclinical testing and wants to know why it cannot be used to treat a friend's illness. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
a. "A drug at this stage of development can be used only in patients with serious dis-ease." b. "At this stage of drug development, the safety and usefulness of the medication is unknown." c. "Clinical trials must be completed to make sure the drug is safe to use in humans." d. "Until postmarketing surveillance data are available, the drug cannot be used."