How does a PC know that a packet coming from the public network is destined to a host in the private network?
What will be an ideal response?
For TCP packets, the NAT device PC2 will look at the TCP port numbers, PC2 knows which ports are being used by which machines; therefore it can forward the TCP packets correctly to the corresponding hosts in the private network. For ICMP packets, the NAT device PC2 will keep track of the ICMP messages identifier and sequence number, and it can distinguish between the different ICMP packets by referring to the identifiers and sequence numbers. As a result PC2 can forward the ICMP packets correctly to the corresponding hosts in the private network.
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