Dr. Irwin is testing the same individuals repeatedly, over time, as part of a research study, whereas Dr. Jenner is comparing the performances of different people of various ages at the same time. Dr. Irwin is using a __________ research design, while Dr. Jenner is using a __________ design.
A. cross-sectional; longitudinal
B. longitudinal; cross-sectional
C. longitudinal; simultaneous
D. sequential; cross-sectional
Answer: B
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A researcher used a sample of n = 60 individuals to determine whether there are any preferences among four brands of pizza. Each individual tastes all four brands and selects his/her favorite. If the data are evaluated with a chi-square test for goodness of fit using ? = .05, then how large does the chi-square statistic need to be to reject the null hypothesis?
a. Greater than 7.81 c. Greater than 79.08 b. Less than 7.81 d. Less than 79.08
What is a technique that a researcher can use to avoid the observer bias effect when engaging in naturalistic observation?
a. Using matched observers b. Using blind observers c. Using counter-balanced observers d. Using random observers
__________ management is an operant conditioning strategy that involves altering the relationship between a person's actions and those actions' consequences to replace unwanted behaviors with desirable ones
a. Contingency b. Consequence c. Outcome d. Behavioral
How popular a child feels in social interactions with parents and peers is called
a. scholastic competence. c. social competence. b. athletic competence. d. behavioral conduct.