Which of the following are clinical manifestations of pancreatitis? (Select all that apply.)
a. Epigastric and abdominal pain
b. Nausea and vomiting
c. Diaphoresis
d. Jaundice
e. Hyperactive bowel sounds
f. Fever
A, B, D, F
Clinical manifestations of acute pancreatitis include pain, vomiting, nausea, fever, abdominal distention, abdominal guarding, abdominal tympany, hypoactive or absent bowel sounds, severe disease, peritoneal signs, ascites, jaundice, palpable abdominal mass, Grey-Turner sign, Cullen sign, and signs of hypovolemic shock. There may be peritonitis involved with pancreatitis and percussion will reveal a tympanic abdomen; bowel sounds will be decreased or absent.
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