Which congenital heart disease causes cyanosis when not repaired? Select all that apply
a. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
b. Tetralogy of Fallot
c. Pulmonary atresia
d. Transposition of the great arteries
B, C, D
Tetralogy of Fallot is a cyanotic lesion with decreased pulmonary blood flow. The hypoxia results in baseline oxygen saturations as low as 75% to 85%. Even with oxygen administration, saturations do not reach the normal range. Pulmonary atresia is a cyanotic lesion with decreased pulmonary blood flow. The hypoxia results in baseline oxygen saturations as low as 75% to 85%. Even with oxygen administration, saturations do not reach the normal range. Transposition of the great arteries is a cyanotic lesion with increased pulmonary blood flow. PDA is failure of the fetal shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary artery to close. PDA is not classified as a cyanotic heart disease. Prostaglandin E1 is often given to maintain ductal patency in children with cyanotic heart diseases.
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The nursing staff on a subacute, geriatric medicine unit of a hospital have noted that Mr. R, an 80-year-old patient with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, tends to become agitated in the evening and early in the night
Which of the following nursing actions is most likely to effectively address Mr. R's sundowner syndrome? A) Ensure that Mr. R's room is kept as dark as possible during the times in question. B) Limit Mr. R's fluid intake after 17:00 to prevent nocturia. C) Minimize the amount of touch used in nursing care to avoid stimulating Mr. R. D) Schedule physical therapy and exercise in the afternoon hours to help Mr. R expend energy.
A researcher wants to investigate the possibility that diabetic patients who are allowed to cook their own meals will adhere to dietary restrictions better than patients who do not. What is the dependent variable?
a. Adherence to dietary restrictions b. Diabetes c. Dietary restrictions d. Meal cooking
Milk may be made suitable for patients with lactose intolerance by treating it with tablets that contain
a. yogurt. b. lactase enzyme. c. vitamin D and calcium. d. Lactobacillus acidophilus.
The nurse is admitting a client to a healthcare facility. The client has been using the T-binder at home. What are the most common uses for the T-binder in the care of a client?
A) To support a specific part of the body and to hold a dressing in place B) To enable frequent dressing changes and discourage formation of blood clots C) To support a dressing and to exert pressure over a bleeding point D) To ensure adequate return circulation to the heart and to prevent blood clots