Four hours after mechanical ventilation is initiated for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),
the patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) results include a pH of 7.51, PaO2 of 82 mm Hg, PaCO2 of 26 mm Hg, and HCO3– of 23 mEq/L (23 mmol/L). The nurse will anticipate the need to
a. increase the FIO2.
b. increase the tidal volume.
c. increase the respiratory rate.
d. decrease the respiratory rate.
ANS: D
The patient's PaCO2 and pH indicate respiratory alkalosis caused by too high a respiratory rate. The PaO2 is appropriate for a patient with COPD and increasing the respiratory rate and tidal volume would further lower the PaCO2.
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A) Muscarinic B) Hormones C) Enzymes D) Proteins
To effectively assess an older adult patient's sexual needs, the nurse must initially
a. reflect on personal feelings that create barriers to effective communication with the patient. b. be familiar with the sexual needs of the older adult population. c. assess the patient's physical capacity to engage in sexual activities. d. inform the patient of the personal nature of the detailed questioning this assessment requires.
During an assessment of a female patient's internal genitalia, the nurse feels a bulge along the posterior vaginal wall. The nurse recognizes that this finding is considered:
1. a prolapsed uterus. 2. a cystocele. 3. a rectocele. 4. a blocked gland.
The patient is receiving cold therapy and complains to the nurse that the area being treated is numb. How should the nurse respond?
a. Continue application of therapy. b. Stop cold therapy. c. Apply more ice to the ice pack. d. Check for moisture on the ice pack, indicating leakage.