Use the Venn test of validity to determine whether the following syllogisms are valid or invalid.
1. All M is P
All M is S
? All S is P
2. All P is M
All M is S
? All S is P
3. All M is P
Some M is S
? Some S is P
4. All P is M
Some M is S
? Some S is P
5. All P is M
Some S is M
? Some S is P
6. All P is M
Some S is not M
? Some S is not P
7. All M is P
Some S is not M
? Some S is not P
8. All M is P
Some M is not S
? Some S is not P
9. No M is P
Some S is M
? Some S is not P
10. No P is M
Some S is M
? Some S is not P
11. No P is M
Some S is not M
? Some S is not P
12. No M is P
Some S is not M
? Some S is not P
13. No P is M
Some M is not S
? Some S is not P
14. No P is M
No M is S
? No S is P
15. No P is M
All M is S
? No S is P
16. No P is M
All S is M
? No S is P
17. All P is M
No S is M
? No S is P
18. All M is P
No S is M
? No S is P
19. Some M is P
Some M is not S
? Some S is not P
20. Some P is M
Some S is not M
? Some S is P
1. Invalid
2. Invalid
3. Invalid
4. Invalid
5. Invalid
6. Valid
7. Invalid
8. Invalid
9. Valid
10. Valid
11. Invalid
12. Invalid
13. Invalid
14. Invalid
15. Invalid
16. Valid
17. Valid
18. Invalid
19. Invalid
20. Invalid
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A) the buying or selling of stocks (or other financial securities) by business "insiders" on the basis of information that has not yet been made public and is likely to affect the price of the stock. B) the name of a baseball card shop. C) knowing when to make the best buy. D) giving great advice on a deal.
According to Nagel, it is legitimate to modify our basic methods of moral reasoning only
when a. historical studies show that the origins of the reasoning is questionable. b. anthropological research discredits the methods of reasoning. c. moral reasoning itself reveals a problem or inconsistency. d. psychological studies indicate that the moral reasoning process is unsound. e. biological research shows that the reasoning is not adaptive.
Duchamp decreed that it is the artist's idea, not his hand, that makes something art
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
For Kant, human freedom
a. is a scientifically observable fact. b. has been disproven by science. c. is a necessary postulate for morality to make sense. d. is not necessary for there to be moral obligations.