What are some of the reasons that most American construction contracts, both public and private, give the design professional broad decision making powers?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

First, the stature and integrity of the design professions may give both
parties to the construction contract confidence that the decisions will
reflect technical skill and basic elements of fairness. Second, the
design professional’s role in design before construction equips the
design professional with the skill to make decisions that will
successfully implement the project objectives of the owner. Third,
owners are often unsophisticated in matters of construction and need
the protection of the design professional to obtain what they have
been promised in the construction documents. Fourth, even assuming
that complete objectivity is lacking and that the contractor rarely has
much choice, the alternate would be worse. Fifth, despite the dangers
of partiality and conflict of interest, the system seems to have kept the
project going.