Research suggests that lead exposure leads to irremediable results, so that the best way to reduce lead levels is to remove lead-based materials. How realistic is such a tactic? Explain
What will be an ideal response?
The answer to this question depends on individual and political will. As a matter
of possibility, it is certainly possible to remove most lead from the environment. It becomes
a cost-benefit question.
It is very costly to remove lead-based paint from the environment because of the hazardous
nature of the material and the cost of wages of workers, and as of the present this relic of the
past is the primary cause of lead poisoning. Epidemiological studies of the effects of lead
seem uniformly to indicate it is less costly to remediate than to allow continued exposure of
children especially to lead's effects.
The United States mustered the political will in the mid-1980s to eliminate lead from
gasoline, and environmental concentrations declined. Europe followed suit, though much
later. In both cases, elimination of lead was delayed by the cost of the measures.
If there is a will to reduce the health costs of lead exposure (and every new study indicates
more deleterious effects of lead exposure), the elimination can be accomplished. Because
there are always competing priorities, accomplishing the cleanup will take concerted political
action and close attention to costs and benefits in making the arguments.
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A 406.0 kg copper bar is put into a smelter for melting. The initial temperature of the copper is 300.0 K. How much heat must the smelter produce to completely melt the copper bar?
(The specific heat for copper is 386 J/kg ? K, the heat of fusion for copper is 205 kJ/kg, and its melting point is 1357 K.) A) 2.49 × 105 kJ B) 1.66 × 1011 kJ C) 1.66 × 108 kJ D) 2.96 × 105 kJ
A charge of +80 mC is placed on the x axis at x = 0 . A second charge of -50 mC is placed on the x axis at x = 50 cm. What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force on a third charge of 4.0 mC placed on the x axis at x = 30 cm?
a. 13 N b. 77 N c. 39 N d. 25 N e. 45 N
At which is the potential zero?
A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. None of the labeled points
A platinum wire that is 1.20 m long has a radius of 0.500 mm and is fixed at both ends. In its third harmonic it vibrates at 512 Hz. The density of platinum is 21.4 × 103 kg/m3. What is the tension in the wire?
A) 4.00 kN B) 2.00 kN C) 2.82 kN D) 1.41 kN E) 1.00 kN