Cyanide binds and impairs one of the molecules involved in the synthesis of ATP. The target organelle for cyanide must be
A. mitochondria.
B. peroxisomes.
C. ribosomes.
D. the endoplasmic reticulum.
E. lysosomes.
Answer: A
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Recall that archaea and bacteria used to be grouped in the same category. How were archaeons first distinguished from other prokaryotes?
A. through differences in cell size and shape B. through the fact that archaeons have linear and not circular chromosomes C. through differences in ribosomal RNA sequences D. through the lack of horizontal gene transfer in archaeons E. through the observation that archaea cell size is independent of diffusion
Ethanol (beverage alcohol) is an inhibitor of ADH. Therefore, a person consuming a couple of mixed drinks should excrete:
a. less water because ADH promotes reabsorption b. the alcohol because ADH cannot degrade it c. ketone bodies formed from the alcohol d. more water because ADH normally promotes reabsorption e. more water plus the alcohol due to the ADH inhibition
Which of the following is NOT true?
a. Down syndrome is an example of aneuploidy. b. The majority of cases of human sex chromosome abnormalities may never be diagnosed. c. Most embryos with a normal chromosome number miscarry. d. Aneuploidy is usually fatal in humans. e. Aneuploidy typically arises through nondisjunction.
Which of the following is false regarding an antigen?
a. It can lead to the generation of an antibody. b. It identifies a pathogen as “foreign” to the body. c. It can be a protein. d. It passes directly between the plasma membranes of the pathogen and macrophage. e. It forms complexes with the MHC markers.