The difference between short-run and long-run cost is that in the long run,
a. there are shortages of labor that can restrict output
b. only labor can be changed to increase or decrease production
c. fixed factors of production have already been chosen
d. there are no diseconomies of scale
e. all factors of production are variable
E
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The dollar price of a good relative to the average dollar price of all other goods and services is the good's:
A. nominal price B. equilibrium price C. market price D. real price
The table above shows the distribution of income in Swacko. The government of Swacko imposes a 20 percent tax on the people with the highest 40 percent of income
The government then distributes 50 percent of the tax collected to the lowest 20 percent and 25 percent to the second 20 percent and the middle 20 percent. Suppose that the before-tax group incomes remain as above. Before and after the distribution, what percentage of national income belongs to the lowest 20 percent? A) 2 percent; 10 percent B) 20 percent; 20 percent C) 5 percent; 25 percent D) 2 percent; 2 percent
When economies of scale are present,
A. costs per unit decline as output expands. B. the government feels responsible for breaking up the firm. C. firms always make handsome profits. D. costs fall as the size of the product is increased.
Suppose that the market for large, 64-ounce soft drinks in the town of Pudgyville is characterized by a typical, downward-sloping, linear demand curve and a typical, upward-sloping, linear supply curve. The market is initially in equilibrium with 1,000 soft drinks sold per day. The newly-elected Mayor of Pudgyville wants to tax 64-ounce soft drinks. She is considering either a $0.10 tax or a
$0.30 tax. Her chief economic advisor estimates that the number of soft drinks sold after a $0.10 tax will be 900 and after a $0.30 tax will be 500 . Which tax is better? a. The $0.10 tax is better because it raises more revenue and creates a lower deadweight loss than the $0.30 tax. b. The $0.30 tax is better because it raises more revenue and creates a lower deadweight loss than the $0.10 tax. c. It is not clear which tax is better because although the $0.30 tax raises more tax revenues, it creates a larger deadweight loss than the $0.10 tax. d. It is not clear which tax is better because although the $0.10 tax raises more tax revenues, it creates a larger deadweight loss than the $0.30 tax.