Which of the following advantages are associated with tracheostomy versus endotracheal intubation for patients who are expected to require long-term ventilatory support? I. Less patient sedation is required. II. Less endotracheal suctioning is needed. III. The patient's work of breathing is decreased. IV. Communication is facilitated
A. I, II only
B. II, III only
C. I, III, IV only
D. I, II, III, IV
ANS: C
A. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
C. Correct response: For patients who require, or are expected to require, ventilatory support for longer than average, placement of a tracheostomy has the attraction of enabling reduction in sedation, easier patient communication, decreased work of breathing (lower airway resistance), and enhanced airway clearance with suctioning.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation C
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