An agriculturalist is very concerned because his wheat crop is suddenly covered with red streaks. When consulted, you identify the issue as a condition known as rust. What would you advise the agriculturalist is the best preventive strategy for addressing the cellular basis of the rust?
A. Rust is caused by fungi that give a reddish cast to soils in which they grow, which is taken up by the plant. Treat the soil to prevent the uptake of the rust-causing fungi.
B. Rust is caused by fungi that have reddish spores that emerge from the leaves of infected plants. Treat the plant to eliminate the fungi that causes the rust.
C. Rust is caused by fungi that have enzymes for breaking down plant structure. Treat the plant to make it resistant to the enzymes that are causing the rust.
D. Rust is caused by rust-colored mushrooms produced as fruiting bodies. Treat the plant to eliminate the fruiting bodies that are recognized as rust.
B. Rust is caused by fungi that have reddish spores that emerge from the leaves of infected plants. Treat the plant to eliminate the fungi that causes the rust.
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How does damming or altering the path of a river destroy wetlands?
A. Fish can no longer migrate up and down the river. B. Wetlands can no longer obtain nutrients from annual floods. C. Wetlands can no longer obtain oxygen from the flowing water of the river. D. Birds can no longer get to the wetlands. E. Increased nutrients flow into the wetlands, causing eutrophication.
Chromosome segregation in metaphase I
refers to which of the following statements? a. The position where crossing over occurs is random. b. The pole that any one chromosome moves toward is completely independent of the movement of the other 45 chromosomes in humans. c. Either partner of a homologous pair of chromosomes may end up at either spindle pole. d. The sperm that fertilizes the egg is selected at random. e. None of these refer to independent assortment.
An excitatory postsynaptic potential
a. is only one of several types of graded potential. b. has a hyperpolarizing effect. c. will drive the membrane away from its threshold. d. is summed with an inhibitory postsynaptic potential at the input zone of a neuron in a process known as synaptic integration. e. help keep the membrane at resting membrane potential.
The greatest natural threat to newly hatched sea turtles is
A) beach development. B) predation by native species. C) drowning. D) ecotourism. E) polluted ocean waters.