In shaping:
a. the target behavior is reinforced more and more over time
b. successive approximations of the target behavior are reinforced
c. the target behavior is reinforced when it occurs closer and closer to the discriminative stimulus
d. all of these
b
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The __________ is the extent to which classroom and school practices are suited to the psychological changes in early adolescence.
A. opportunity structure B. stage-environment fit C. work value D. stereotype threat
The drug Ritalin that is often prescribed for children with ADHD is a type of a. antidepressant. b. stimulant
c. antipsychotic. d. hallucinogen.
Sal has poor social skills, which are interfering with his ability to make friends at school
His therapist demonstrates correct and appropriate social skills for him and then encourages Sal to mimic them. The learning of social skills eventually occurs and is all a result of Sal watching his therapist and then practicing the new skills with him. This technique is referred to as _____ a) participant modeling. b) the token economy. c) aversion therapy. d) systematic desensitization.
According to sociologist Sandra Hofferth, a few hours of unsupervised time alone at home may
a. lead to an unwanted situation. c. pose a threat to society. b. be harmful to the child. d. provide a helpful period of decompression.