During the past 200 years, income per person has
What will be an ideal response?
c. increased far more rapidly in both developed and less developed countries than during the centuries prior to 1800
You might also like to view...
Suppose that as a consequence of market changes, the selling price of recycled newspaper is $35 per ton. At this price level, is the market in an equilibrium, shortage, or surplus condition? Be sure to support with specific values.
THE MARKET FOR RECYCLED NEWSPRINT
The amount of trash generated in the United States has risen from 88.1 million tons in 1960 to 243.0 million tons in 2009. Of this tonnage, approximately 28.2 percent is paper and paperboard. In a logical move, many communities established paper recycling programs in the 1980s. The first step was to encourage individuals and firms to bring paper wastes to collection centers. According to EPA data, as shown in the accompanying table, this recovery stage has met with some success.
*The 8.3 in 1980 represents books and magazines, which were reported in the aggregate prior to 1990.
Although these data suggest that society responded responsibly, they belie a very real problem. Many communities failed to recognize the need to create a market for recovered materials. This was precisely the problem that arose during the late 1980s and continued into the 1990s. The result was insufficient demand for recovered newspapers, and the excess supply sent the price of used newsprint plummeting.
To correct the problem, it was necessary to stimulate market demand. Virtually all levels of government took an active role. A number of state governments passed laws requiring newspapers to be partly printed on recycled paper. At the federal level, President Clinton signed Executive Order 12873, calling for all printing and writing paper to contain at least 20 percent recovered paper. (This amount was subsequently raised to 30 percent in Executive Order 13101.) The EPA established clearinghouses and hotlines to bring together suppliers and demanders of recyclables. Added influences were the thriving domestic economy and the rising demand of developing nations, whose growth required new sources of paper inputs.
Taken together, market demand eventually swamped existing supplies, and in 1995, there was a shortage of recycled newsprint. Just as predicted by economic theory, the shortage placed upward pressure on price, which rose to between $100 and $200 per ton. The boom in the market was temporary, however. By 1996, excess supplies and falling demand drove prices back to the $20 per ton level of the early 1990s.
Such volatility is characteristic of this market and continues through the present day. As a case in point, assume that the market demand for recycled newsprint in 2011 is QD = 200 – 2P and that market supply is QS = –150 + 5P, where P is the price per ton and Q is the quantity in thousands of tons per year.
You are participating in a reality show in which you and several other competitors have been taken to an unknown place and asked to find your way to a destination using a map . You were doing a good job until you reached a crossroad
Confused as to which way to take, you decided to take the road that most of your competitors chose. a) What is the term that is used to refer to such behavior? b) Why do people often behave in this way?
Bank reserves include
A) vault cash and loans to bank customers. B) vault cash and deposits with the Federal Reserve. C) customer checking accounts and vault cash. D) deposits with the Federal Reserve and holdings of securities. E) loans to bank customers and deposits with the Federal Reserve.
All of the following describe the conflict between divisions EXCEPT
a. Divisional managers are rewarded for the efficiency of their divisions b. managers of profit centers care too little about the effects of their decisions on other divisions c. managers are rewarded only for how well their own division is run d. corporate executives cannot tell when one divisional manager's decision is appropriate or not