The hypothalamus sends messages through the brainstem and spinal cord to the autonomic nervous system, causing which sympathetic effects?
1. Decreased blood pressure
2. Decreased temperature
3. Increased heart rate
4. Increased peristalsis
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Decreased blood pressure is a parasympathetic response.
Rationale 2: Decreased temperature is a direct response of hypothalamic dysfunction.
Rationale 3: An increase in heart rate is a sympathetic response.
Rationale 4: Increased peristalsis is a parasympathetic response.
Global Rationale: An increase in heart rate is a sympathetic response. Decreased blood pressure and increased peristalsis are parasympathetic responses. Decreased temperature is a direct response of hypothalamic dysfunction.
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