According to the identity perspective, how did ideas change so that the Cold War could come to an end?
What will be an ideal response?
Varies. According to the identity perspective, there are three possible ways in which ideas changed to bring the Cold War to an end. First, the identities of the United States and the Soviet Union may have converged. The United States became more community-oriented, and the Soviet Union became more individual-oriented, allowing them to meet in the center. Second, Soviet ideas may have changed. Gorbachev’s New Thinking (based on peace research studies and transnational and intergovernmental contacts with the West) reformulated foreign policy choices, and the Soviet Union became less confrontational and threatening. Third, American ideas may have won against communism. Upon coming to office in 1981, U.S. President Ronald Reagan took an aggressive ideological approach and instituted rollback (or the liberation of communist-held states) as his objective, rather than containment.
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Robert believes that money in the form of federal grants plays the biggest role in the shift of power between the national and state governments. Which statement supports his viewpoint?
a. Over time, cooperative federalism has changed from a form of economic aid in a time of need to an economic power play to force compliance. b. Most state senators and governors believe in the necessity of a federal body to set policy standards and economic limitations in the United States. c. A study shows that federal grants make up only 10 percent of the budget of most states and is further decreasing. d. Only 5 percent of grants issued by the U.S. Congress are categorical grants, with the rest being block grants.
Interest groups are protected by the First Amendment, but are a. not held to any special regulations or rules
b. subject to liability rules for individual members. c. subject to rules for lobbyists, tax regulations, and limits to campaign financing. d. afforded unlimited access for partisan activities.
In a retention election, voters get to decide whether to keep a judge in office.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
"Scientific research must always be precise and controlled."
A) This is a true statement. B) This is an untrue statement. C) This is a mostly true statement. D) This is a mostly untrue statement.