A novice nurse researcher is comparing the processes used in nursing research and in evidence-based practice. What differences, if any, exist between the two processes?
a. As scientific processes, they are fundamentally the same and should result in parallel outcomes.
b. Both processes involve testing a question with an appropriate design and specific methodology.
c. In a research study the question is tested with an appropriate design and specific methodology, whereas in evidence-based practice the question is used to search the research literature to find answers.
d. In evidence-based practice, qualitative studies are critically appraised to answer a clinical question, whereas in nursing research, quantitative studies are reviewed to provide a foundation for the study.
ANS: C
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A The research process and the evidence-based practice process, though similar, have fundamental differences as well.
B This definition applies to the research process, not the evidence-based practice process.
C Nursing research includes developing a design for a study, whether quantitative or qualitative, reviewing the literature, and carrying out a specific methodology to find answers to a question. In contrast, evidence-based practice includes a review of completed research studies to identify answers to a clinical question.
D Both the research process and the evidence-based practice process include critical review of quantitative and qualitative studies.
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