Psychoanalysts have theorized that persons with paranoid personality disorder experienced, in childhood, a parent who was:
a. smothering, doing everything for the child so the child lacked independence
b. controlling, abusive, cruel, or sadistic
c. cold, calculating, unemotional, or absent
d. seriously mentally or physically ill
B
A controlling, abusive, cruel, and sadistic parent is believed by some psychoanalysts to be a common experienced shared by people with paranoid personality disorder. Such childhood experiences teach the individual to be distrusting of others and fearful. It is believed that paranoid personality disorder may be present in up to 2.5% of the population.
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