A 35-year-obese man complaining of dysphagia was found to have a hiatal hernia and esophagitis. This inflammation is most likely caused by
A. gastric acid
B. viruses
C. fungi
D. bacteria
E. protozoa
A
Esophagitis is most often caused by reflux of gastric juice into the esophagus. Viruses and fungi infect the esophagus in immunosuppressed persons. Bacterial infections are found in areas of ulceration or Barrett's esophagus. Protozoal infections are uncommon, except in Brazil, where Trypanosoma cruzi is known to infect the ganglia of the myenteric plexus and cause achalasia of the esophagus.
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