Researchers (Kunda & Oleson, 1997) presented people with one or two examples that countered people's strongly held stereotypes and found that some people actually strengthened their belief in the stereotype when confronted with such disconfirmations
According to the researchers, this occurred because the people
a. simply ignored the evidence.
b. misperceived the evidence in line with their preconceptions.
c. were motivated by the counterexamples to find even more reasons why their belief held.
d. in the experiment were a clinical sample of sociopaths; this occurs only for this subgroup.
Answer: C
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Which ethical guideline did Watson's experiment with Little Albert violate?
A. Participants may withdraw from the study at any time, for any reason. B. Participants must provide voluntary consent to participate in the study. C. Participants should be offered information about the results of the study. D. Researchers are not to use methods that may do physical or psychological harm.
In order to determine whether factors influence or interact with each other, a researcher must use ____
a. two experiments b. a factorial design c. a between-subjects design d. a mixed design
Berlyne’s (1970) explanation for mere exposure effects focused on ______.
a. habituation and boredom b. habituation and perceptual fluency c. boredom and perceptual fluency d. self-enhancement and perceptual fluency
Sleep spindles usually first appear in Stage __________ sleep
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4